KS12027 Horn

The KS12027 horn perched on top of my repurposed Altec 861 cabinet loaded with an Altec 414A woofer should actually be residing inside a ~ 4 cubic foot slanted cabinet with a Western Electric WE713C compression driver  bolted to its throat + a WE728B 12" woofer = Western Electric WE757A monitor speaker system.

I was honored to host this KS12027 horn and provide more modest accommodations for a couple of weeks courtesy of my audio preservationist buddy John Piro.

He rescued this KS12027 horn with a damaged 0.7" aperture and repaired/modified it so that mere mortals like myself can sample its delights using a more pedestrian 1" exit Altec 802 compression driver. 

Mono Hi-Fi set up: Neat P58H + Calrad SV16 + GE RPX or DL102, JEL SE2A3 mono integrated amp with Hashimoto H-203S OPT.

All of my listening was done with the above set up.

Altec 414A + mod'ed KS12027 + 802 + GPA34852

From the moment I mounted the KS12027 + Altec 802 combo above the Altec 414A woofer, the first adjective that came to my mind and stuck for the rest of its stay was, natural! Just like its WE/Altec 32 and KS12024 relatives, this is also a horn that doesn't sound like a stereotypical horn. In fact, the articulation (attack and decay of notes) and overall presentation of harmonic overtones via the KS12027 is even more natural and realistic. It made the Altec 32A/32C and Azzolina KS12024 sound merely like very high quality Hi-Fi which mainstream audiophiles may find more appealing. These findings were echoed by my friend Ding during his recent visit to the man cave.

Altec 32C, KS12027, Azzolina KS12024

Even if I loved the KS12027 so much, I didn't want to get attached to something I may never be able to own. So this past weekend I met up with John at a ham fest and handed back this valuable piece of audio history. After giving him my rave report, which is hardly representative of what most audiophiles like nowadays, he was not dissuaded. He is still seriously considering reproducing them. 😎

Altec 753C

After many years of raving about the Altec 32 horn, the only stone left unturned was using it as it was originally designed, that is, with the compression driver oriented to radiate upwards.

Last year, I received a message from John Piro, whose beautifully crafted preamp project was previously featured in this blog. He sent me pictures of his interpretation of the legendary WE753C using an Altec 414-16B woofer + Altec 32A + Faital Pro driver. 

Altec 414A + 32C + 802D + 20275 

I was very impressed and requested if he could build a pair for me. We finally met at the Kutztown Radio Show last September. He and his wife had dinner here at home when he delivered my beautiful cabinets!

A Western Electric 753C used as a monitor at WABF in the early 50s

As an homage to the legendary Western Electric 753C, which was a major inspiration for this project, I henceforth christen this speaker system as the Altec 753C.

Altec 2-way XO redux

I've settled on running the 414A woofers in full range mode (ala J-Rob) and replaced all the crossover resistors with non-inductive 12W Mills. This took away the last vestiges of grain in the upper frequencies.

RTA Graphs

Altec 2-way

Altec 614 + 414A + 32C + 802 with GPA34258

The above RTA was taken from this blog entry

VS

Altec 753

Altec 753 + 414A + 32C + 802D with 20275

I could've lived happily with my Altec 614 or repurposed 861 (aka Madrid) cabs + the inverted 32 horn situated on top. However, with proper horn orientation, the sound was taken to another level of refinement. Now the blend between the 414A and horn is practically seamless and I bask in the airiness of the top end, which I attribute to significantly improved high frequency dispersion, precisely as envisioned by Western Electric engineers.

In spite of the stellar midrange performance of the Open Baffle mounted Altec 755As, I started the Altec 2-way project in the late 90s to address the following issues:

1. More efficiency
2. Extend the frequency extremes
3. Less congestion in dynamic peaks with complex musical passages

After 20-some odd years, those goals have been realized. The Altec 753C is pretty much end game!

Thanks to my buddy Joe Roberts, who explained the intricacies of proper 32 horn orientation. The idea was carefully stored in my mind. I just had to wait for the right opportunity to implement it. And of course, a big thanks to my friend John Piro (aka RCA NUT), craftsman extraordinaire!

Let's hear some music. 😊

Altec 32 Horn Nomenclature

This Altec 32 horn update was prompted by this must read article from Electravolt tracing how the Altec 32 horn evolved from the Western Electric 32A.

Altec 32A

Cast aluminum + longer throat

Altec 32B

Plastic + shorter throat

pics borrowed from sound-impression

Probably a very short run, rarely seen in the market

Note: no ribs

Altec 32C

Same as 32B but with re-enforcing ribs

Note: re-enforcing ribs

Listening Room - Minimalist no more?

Among the audio systems of my friends, this is the only set up that has no LP playback ability. Neither does the owner have interest in DVD-A, SACD or a music server/streaming device - only16 bit linear PCM sampled at 44kHz red book mastered CDs, period!

Since our last visit, a Northstar CD transport replaced a CEC TL51X, while another belt-driven CEC TL5 CD transport is being contemplated. The NOS (Non-Over-Sampling) Zanden Signature DAC equipped with a double crown Philips TDA1541A-S2 chip remains. Now you know why I hunt for unloved TDA1541 CD players from the 80s.😎

The most significant change in this system, however, is that
the Phy-HP Co-Ax speakers have been replaced by a pair of field coil powered Western Electric descendants - G.I.P. Monitor 1s.

According to the owner, the JE Labs line level preamp +
SE10 mono-blocks give life to GIP Labs! He is such a good friend. 😉

Azzolina Audio KS12024

Western Electric KS12024

Western Electric KS12024
Note: ~ 140° throat bend

The Western Electric KS12024 is a 2-piece cast aluminum 4-cell sectoral high frequency (800-1000Hz cut-off) horn with a 50°H x 40°V dispersion pattern. It was implemented in the Western Electric L-8  and L-9 speaker systems.

Western Electric L-8
from the Silbatone Collection

Western Electric L-8  = 1 x WE754A + 1 x KS12024 + 1 x WE713B (phenolic diaphragm)

Western Electric L-9

Western Electric L-9 = 2 x WE754A + 2 x KS12024 + 2 x WE713B

Western Electric L9
(Note: 2 x WE713B)

Images were taken from J-Rob's KS12024/Western Electric L-8 post at Hifi Haven. If you want to learn more about the Western Electric L-8 and L-9, you can download the pdf file at the bottom of Joe's post.

Read about J-Rob's musings (post #125) about the original KS12024 and Azzolina repro at Hifi Haven.

Late 40s Western Electric Brochure
from www.hifilit.com

The KS12024 horn was from the same era as the WE32A horn that included the venerable WE757A studio monitor, WE713x compression drivers, WE755A, WE756A and WE728B direct-radiator speakers.

Having been a long-time user of the Altec 755A, Altec 32A/C and more recently an Altec 756B, I consider this period as the golden age of design and manufacture of permanent magnet transducers. So when J-Rob offered to loan his personal pair of Azzolina Audio 3-D printed KS12024 horns for me to blog about, it was a privilege and opportunity difficult to pass up.

Azzolina Audio KS12024

I've been a frequent visitor to the ElectraVolt blog but never imagined I would be listening to, let alone reviewing, Charles Michlin's KS12024 reproductions. 

The original Western Electric KS12024 has a 0.7" round opening* but this Azzolina remake was optimized for 1" compression drivers like the Altec 802 that I am using for this review. As relayed by J-Rob, Charles claims the oval (rather than round) aperture sounds better. 

*All the WE horns from this era (including the 32A) were designed for use with the WE713x compression drivers and shared the same aperture size

Just like the original, this is also a true 4-cell compound sectoral horn. AFAIK, this is the model built from an amorphous plastic material. Everything else you need to know about the Azzolina KS12024 can be found here.

Testing

Altec 414A/614 + Azzolina KS12024/802 + 3000H

The Azzolina KS12024 horns were tested in the Altec 2-way system. 

Altec 414A in 614 cab 

Altec 414A woofers in 614 bass reflex enclosures running in full range mode

High-pass XO w/HF eq

Altec 802-8D compression drivers (below) with 16 ohm GPA 34852 diaphragms were mounted to the horns using the above high-pass crossover

Amorphous Plastic Azzolina KS12024 vs. Plastic Altec 32C

Altec 32C + Altec 802

This horn presents a back row perspective and may sound too laid back to those who prefer a closer to the stage presentation. The mid-range is juicy, full and vivid without a hint of shout. While the highs are feathery smooth, silky and airy, which I've only heard from its smaller sibling, the Altec 3000H. Tish (my wife) describes this horn as sublime. I think the 90°H x 40°V dispersion helps provide that holographic and lush atmosphere. 

I've written so much about this horn. Just use the search button on the right hand corner to find past entries.

Azzolina KS12024 + Altec 802

I was initially lured into the 3D-like midrange this horn produced and that lingered on. There's an uncanny realism to male and female vocals as well as musical instruments that renders an "in your room" presence. Compared to the 32C, this horn offers a front row perspective. Yet there isn't a trace of harshness or shout. Definitely a horn that will appeal to those who find the 32C too laid back yet need a horn that doesn't sound like a horn.

It is superior to the 32C in terms of articulation and detail without ever sounding analytical. There's a lot of snap, if I may borrow a term from its owner 😉, just like its stable mate - the WE/Altec 755A.

Azzolina KS12024 + Altec 802 + Altec 3000H

Tish thinks it is as good as but not quite as lush as the Altec 32C. I agree. This is primarily a tonal balance issue. Due to the prominent midrange, the extreme treble frequencies are slightly subdued giving a less airy atmosphere. Adding the Altec 3000H to fill in the uppermost octave helped in approximating the lushness of the 32C. But I still found myself wanting more "hall sound." I speculate that the KS12024's narrower 50° horizontal dispersion contributes to the comparatively austere background. Perhaps I am belaboring this point since my personal preference when I attend concerts is to sit towards the back row so I can relish equal amounts of direct and reflected sound.

Summed up

2 x KS12024 = 100° H x 40° V

These two horns share the same sonic DNA but are genetically modified for different applications. The more up-front and involving Azzolina KS12024 betrays its theatre heritage versus the mellower 32C, which was intended for near-field monitoring. I can't help but wonder if a horn design combining the virtues of both designs is a possibility.

Parts Express 1" Horns and Waveguide Buy Out Specials

July was a hectic month - four 4th of July concerts with Harrisburg Symphony + two concerts at the Shippensburg Summer Music Festival. It was a welcome respite to receive an invitation from Joe Roberts to meet him at his mom's house in South Philly after I was done with all those gigs.

Leica II + Summitar 50mm f2
Ilford FP4+ in Kodak HC110

He gave me a tour of his old neighborhood, pointing out areas where he started his archeological expeditions as a kid. For lunch we stopped by this hoagie shop for really great Philly cheesesteaks. 

It was very interesting to listen to his recollection of South Philly as a kid, and how the area continues to evolve as people of different ethnicities, socio-economic and cultural backgrounds come and go.  

Before I-95 swarmed with rush hour traffic, I had to head back north with this box filled with horns from Joe. I didn't envision writing about 1" format horns again since I posted this blog entry last February. But after spotting the Azzolina KS12024s, it was hard to pass up this opportunity. Meanwhile, this post will focus only on the Parts Express horns.

Testing

I used Altec 802 1" compression drivers fitted with GPA 34852 16 ohm diaphragms mounted on top of Altec 614 cabinets loaded with 414A woofers (running full range) with the crossover below tying things together. All listening was done in stereo in the man cave.

High pass @ ~ 2500 Hz

I used these two horns as references and for the first time I was able to convince my wife, Tish, to indulge me with her sonic impressions.

Altec 32C

Tish and I love this descendant of the old school WE32A horn. She describes it as sublime.😉 

Emilar EH500

This is my favorite horn from the 70s. It was designed by Jonas Renkus who worked with John Hilliard at Altec Lansing. 

Parts Express Specials 

Round 1 

(deeper/longer exit Altec 802)

Parts Express: 299-2303

+

Altec 802

There is an ongoing thread at Hi-Fi Haven about cheap horns where this particular horn/waveguide was mentioned. Its specs are listed as a 600 Hz, 10" x 14" exponential horn waveguide with a 90° H x 40° H dispersion pattern, made out of heavy ABS plastic. Price: $12.88/ea.

Sound

Tish: Not bad, but not as lush sounding as the Altec 32C. It will eventually hurt my ears. 

JE: Tonal balance is reminiscent of the Emilar EH500. However the sound gets congested with complex musical passages (especially at higher SPLs) which can cause fatigue during long-term listening.

Community UC-1
part# 299-522
+
Altec 802

Dimensions: 10 3/8" W x 5 7/8" H x 6" D

Dispersion: 90°H x 40°V

Cut off frequency: 2000 Hz

Price: $4.48/each

 I had to DIY adapter plates to mount the 802 drivers.

Sound

Tish: Harsh and shouty👎👎👎

JE: Sounds better disconnected. What were you thinking J-Rob???🤣

Faital Pro revisited

Faital Pro STH100 + Altec 802

Dispersion: 80° H x 70° V

Dimensions: 7" W x 4 3/4" H x 3 5/8" D

Material: Metal

Price: $67/each!!!

Sound

Tish: I like this best among the three - easier on the ears compared to the other two, but not even close to the 32C.

JE: I am less impressed this time around despite the clean sound. It has less congestion, harshness and tizz than the B52/QSC clone 299-2303. But the presentation still falls far short of what I hear live. With the recent price increase, I can no longer recommend this unit.

!!!STOP PRESS!!!

Pasted below is a post by @ARX in this Hi-Fi Haven thread

Gentlemen,

Very interesting experiments with different types of horns and waveguides (the B-52 1" QSC clone is a waveguide), both vintage and more recent designs.

The 802D with the B-52 1" might not be an optimal combination. The original QSC PL-000446GP was designed by Mark Engebretson, former VP of Engineering at QSC, to be used with Celestion compression drivers. From the many measurements available online it's obvious this waveguide performs best with modern, pancake style compression drivers, that have a short exit instead of the deeper/longer exit of most vintage drivers like Emilar, Altec etc.

You might try B&C, Celestion, Beyma, BMS and similar 1" drivers.

There's much more to the underlying physics, but it should come as no surprise the EH-500 and Altec 32A/B do indeed sound wonderful with the vintage drivers. The gradual expansion of the wavefront from driver diaphragm to horn mouth is (almost) perfect. On the other hand, a pancake driver behind an oldskool horn, with a few exceptions, is unlikely to yield spectacular results.

Altec 802 (left) + Renkus-Heinz SSD1400-8 (right) 

The only pancake type (short/fast exit) 1" compression driver I have on hand is a pair of Renkus-Heinz SSD1400-8. This is a smaller magnet version of the SSD1800, which I got to know quite well in the attic. Hence, I had a gut feel that I was going to learn something important from @ARX. So the SSD1400-8 was pressed into service for another round of listening.

Round 2 

(short/fast exit Renkus-Heinz SSD1400-8)

Parts Express: 299-2303

+

Renkus-Heinz SSD1400-8

 According to ARX's post above, this is a clone of the QSC waveguide, which was designed to be paired with a B&C DE250 compression driver in the Econo-wave project at Audiokarma.

With the short exit R-H SSD1400-8 mounted, this waveguide was transformed. Although not quite on the same level, the sound now more closely resembles the Altec 802/Emilar EH500 pairing. The congestion I heard in Round 1 is gone with a substantial gain in midrange lucidity. Long term listening fatigue is no longer an issue since the sound has opened up with a nice airiness to it.  👍👍👍

Community UC-1

part# 299-522

+

Renkus-Heinz SSD1400-8

This horn became a lot more listenable with the SSD1400-8 mounted behind it. It sounded even better crossed over @ 5kHz. Detailed and airy but the midrange isn't quite as vivid as the B52/QSC clone/299-2303. For the record, Community compression drivers are also short/fast exit (pancake) designs.

Faital Pro STH100 

+

Renkus-Heinz SSD1400-8

Sadly, this tractrix horn became unlistenable with the SSD1400-8. Probably a mis-match? Faital Pro 1" compression drivers look more like old school Altec 802s and Emilar EA/EC175.

Parts Express Horn Wrap

Two important lessons learned:

1. Thank you very much @ARX for enlightening me! Otherwise, I would have joined the ranks of fake news bloggers. 🤣

2. My preference for matching harmonically rich-sounding components will always entail a classic pairing of units that are long out of production and are becoming more unaffordable as the years go by...😞