Grace G707 + Denon DP1250 = road less travelled

The 70s through the early 80s was the era of great development in direct drive turntable technology. It was only stifled by the introduction of the CD player in 1982 and to a minor degree by the revived interest in the classic suspended sub-chassis belt-drive system within the audiophile community.

Luxman PD444
[image from Pinterest]

Although I was exposed to some of the great direct drive turntables from the 70s, like the Luxman PD444 and the Technics SP10 MkII in a Mitch Cotter base in the home system of my late DIY audio mentor Tom Cadawas, I never had a direct drive turntable in my audio system till now.

Technics SP10 + Mitch Cotter base + FR66s
[image from dallas.freeclassifieds.com]

This was probably due to the almost cult-like indoctrination inculcated by early 1980s Haymarket publications like Popular Hi-Fi and Hi-Fi Answers exalting the virtues of the 3-point suspended belt-drive from the land of kilts vs. the evils of cogging and servo hunting direct drive turntables from the land of the rising sun.

Goldmund Studio
[image from Pinterest]

Even though the late Harry Pearson of TAS used a direct drive Goldmund Studio in his reference system, just about every reviewer for TAS and Stereophile had either a Linn, SOTA or VPI belt-drive turntable. These were merely an 80s techno-rehashing of Edgar Villchur's AR turntable design from the early 60s, which effectively killed the idler drive system except for professional and broadcast applications.

Kenwood KD500 + Grace G707
[image from kintavalleyaudio.blogspot.com]

Despite camping happily with my idler-driven turntables since the 90s, the specter of synthetic marble-based Kenwood KD500s and Denon motor units in heavy laminated plywood plinths sitting on the shelves of Audio and Stereo Exchange as well as the trade-in section of Harvey and Leonard Radio stores in early 80s NYC, haunted my dreams. 😱

Pioneer PLC590
[image from vinylengine.com]

Since my Thorens TD124s are currently in storage and the Garrard 301 plinth does not have provision for mounting a shorter tonearm like the Grace G707, acquiring a direct drive motor unit became a good excuse. 😉

Denon DP1250

The first direct drive I spotted was a reasonably priced Denon DP1250 motor unit on an original plywood plinth from the late 70s. While waiting for the package to arrive, I did research on direct drive turntables + DIY refurbishing tips.

Details on how the painted magnetic stripe (above)
is monitored by the tape head (below right)
to regulate speed 

Luckily, the DP1250 just needed a tiny bit of cleaning + a mist of Deoxit on the pitch control rheostat. The motor was extremely quiet. I couldn't detect any rumbling noises through the plinth using a stethoscope.

 I left the motor unit on while cutting a new arm board out of 3/4" plywood to mount the Grace G707. When I returned to install the tonearm, the strobe had not drifted the tiniest bit.

Grace G707 on a stable platform

Denon DP1250 + Grace G707 - reminiscent of 
turntable/tonearm combos I used to see in the trade-in section 
of audio stores in NYC in the early 80s

Whether it was the GAS Sleeping Beauty or the DL103S fitted on the G707 + DP1250, I was always rewarded by musically authoritative presentation - very dynamic and involving just like my idler-driven motor units. In hindsight, the many hours and $$$s I spent in the 80s adjusting and tweaking my AR/Merrill were futile. 😞 I could have just gotten a used KD500 or DP1250, sat back and enjoyed.😊

Denon DL103S

This reinforced what I had already discovered (but was in denial) in the late 80s. Aside from the superior speed stability of the Thorens TD124 drive system, the spring suspension + lower torque motor of a classic belt-drive turntable like the AR or TD150 slowed down transients and compressed dynamics.

Grace G707

I don't think I heard the fullest potential of the Grace G707 till now. This is a simple yet well designed precision-built instrument that just lets the virtues of any cartridge shine through.  Even if it is considered a low mass design, I do remember people using the Supex SD900 and Koetsu Black with this tonearm because of its fine tolerance bearings. At some point I will revisit the G707 mounted on my idler driven motor units.

Grace G540

Denon DP1250 + Grace G540L

My only beef with the G707 is its fixed head shell. Inconvenient when swapping cartridges, I replaced the Grace G707 with its pro-oriented sibling, the G540. As pictured, the G540 uses similar double gimbal bearings but has a higher mass "J" shaped tube, which can accept the Ortofon SPU derived SME standard head shell.

Rega R200

DP1250 + Rega R200

As I sank deeper into my direct drive initiation, I kept going through my LP collection and mounted another tonearm. This time, the Acos OEM'ed Rega R200 performed pretty much at par with its contemporaries, the Grace G707 and G540.

The inevitable

Although this Denon is not a top of the line model, a casual comparison to the Garrard 301 was inevitable.

Garrard 301 + Ortofon RMG309/SPU1s

 Unfortunately, the Denon plinth would not accommodate a spare SME 3012 I had on stand-by. The next best thing I could do to somewhat even out the playing field was cut another tonearm board for my Fidelity Research FR64fx.

Fidelity Research FR64fx

While the DP1250 and the Garrard 301 share a similar character of sure-footedness inherent in a stable drive system, the 301 does its job with less effort. There is a slight tendency to strain with the DP1250 on complex musical passages. If forced to split hairs, I also hear a trace of hardness and/or dryness on certain recordings which sounded more pleasing on the 301.

Denon DP1250 + FR64fx

In the past I found the FR64fx to sound more analytical compared to the SME 3009/3012 and Ortofon RMG309. Could the 301/SME 3012 combo be more euphonic while the DP1250/FR64fx more accurate?

Better late than never

Regardless of what I am hearing, this Denon DP1250 experience garnered my admiration and respect for the direct drive system such that I am inspired to probe direct drive motor units further.🍻

Grace G707 + TD150 = road most travelled

Grace G707

 By the time I acquired a used Grace G707 tonearm ca. '83, it was already an up and coming classic. Classic being a euphemism for affordable since TAS and Stereophile were already waxing poetic about heavier MC cartridges from Kiseki, Koetsu, Accuphase AC-2, etc, which required more massive tonearms. 

Original AR XA  > AR + Grace G707 

I had to do irreversible hacking to my thrift store-found ARXA turntable to mount the G707. All that effort paid off since the improvement this tonearm brought to my audio system was staggering - more transparency and definition throughout the audio bandwidth. The listening experience became a lot more enjoyable! Sadly, that G707 got lost in a maze of senseless upgrades I went through for the next ten years. I held a torch for this tonearm until I found another nice sample for this time travel episode.

70s MC cartridges

 Back in the day, I could only afford the Audio Technica low output moving coil AT31E + Sony HA-T10 MC transformers. Those two items are gone, so
 accompanying us on this journey are two classic MC cartridges from the 70s that are technically matched to the Grace G707.

GAS "Sleeping Beauty" aka
Coral 777

 The sweet sounding, almost SPU-like GreatAmericanSound "Sleeping Beauty"

Denon DL103S

And the higher compliance version of the NHK broadcast standard, Denon DL103S

Thorens TD 150 

belt-drive + 3 point suspension

From my pre-college days in the late 70s until I completed my undergrad degree in '84, the listening room at the Lila Acheson Wallace Library of The Juilliard School was equipped with several rows of Thorens TD150AB/Shure M7D/Shure headphone amp + humongous Koss ear cans, while the classrooms were fitted with Thorens TD124/Dyna SCA35/AR2Ax audio systems. Nope, I don't recall seeing AR1s in the building. 😞

In the early 80s, the original AR turntable could be found for $10-25 at thrift stores, but no Thorens. One had to go to Audio or Stereo Exchange and/or the trade-in section of Leonard or Harvey Radio stores where the Thorens badge started at around 100 bills.

When I purged my belt-drive collection in the early 90s, this TD150 was the only one that I retained because it was so unattainable in the early 80s. The tonearm board already had a hole from a long gone Rega RB250 which, fortunately, shared the same spindle to pivot geometry as the G707.

Since I owned half a dozen AR turntables from stock to various stages of modification, setting up the TD150's 3 point suspension was like riding a bicycle. 😉

Thorens TD150 + Grace G707

My reunion with the TD150 + G707 was bittersweet. I caught a glimpse of the "black background" atmospheric setting for the Reagan-era audiophile ideal - the 3D sound-stage phenomenon that is supposed to transport the listener on a magic carpet ride to Carnegie Hall. Ironically, this was achieved at the expense of dynamics, articulation and definition, which are vital elements also expected from a live musical performance. Things could have been much worse if I were still using negative feedback infected tube electronics driving inefficient speakers. But let's not go there... 😧

In search of a more stable platform...

Thorens TD 124 + Rega RB300

By the time I finished grad school in the late 80s, the audio systems at The Juilliard School had been upgraded to include CD players. The Thorens turntables were retired and replaced by Denon direct drive turntables with servo tracing tonearms. Meanwhile, I had acquired a Thorens TD124 and knew its speed/pitch stability was superior to my heavily modified AR/Merrill turntable but I would never admit that to my audiophile friends. 😃

Given the wisdom I've gained (or not) through the years, the Grace G707 deserves a more stable platform....stay tuned.

JE Labs Simple 46

I've been hoarding type 46 power tubes gathered from radio shows I attended with my buddy Chong in the late 90s. Building an SE 46 amp was in my to do list when I packed up for Manila in '08. But things got in the way. Finally, after a round trip across the Pacific, the amp has come into fruition.

Given its designation, one would think that it is just a 45 with dual grids. However, aside from the UX-5 tube socket requirement, the 46 is not quite a 45. It only puts out 1250 mWatts, 750 mWs less than the 45's 2000 mWs. Maximum plate dissipation with grid 2 tied to the plate is 5.5W compared to 10W for the 45. Although it will perform very well loaded with a 5k primary Z output transformer, the textbook recommended load is closer to 7k, due to its higher plate resistance of 2380 ohms vs. 1700 ohms for the 45.

46 tube base
diagram

chassis is punched out and ready for painting

It's been over 20 years since the Simple 45/2A3 was uploaded to the now defunct DIY section of the old Angela Instruments website. So I wanted to reprise that old-school topology with a twist. I considered retaining the octal base and using a grid capped 6F5 or a UX6 based + grid capped type 75, as a tribute to Asano-san. 🙏

However, since I am in loctal mode, I settled on the 7B4 hi-mu triode which is more in unison with the simple theme. The 7B4 is readily available NOS and can be had for less than $5 each from tube dealers. Tube rollers take note, even if loctal tubes are boxed/labelled RCA, Tung Sol, Raytheon, etc. most of them came from the Sylvannia factory in Emporium PA. 😞 

under the hood

!!!WARNING!!!

The voltages found in this circuit can be lethal! Build at your own risk!!!

JEL Simple 46 schematic

Adjust the dropping resistor* (use at least a 10W) so that the operating point for the 46 tube is as close as possible to the tube manual specified 250V max. plate voltage x 22 ma. current draw = 5.5W.  Ideally, the 46 should see 285 volts at the plate - 35V in the cathode = 250V. As shown in the schematic, I am still running my output tubes about 8% over because I was anxious to listen and got lazy to lower the B+ further. 😎

The big surprise was, subjectively, the triode-wired 46 sounds more powerful and authoritative especially in the lower register than the 45. It sounds like the union of virtues between the dark and mythical 10/VT25  + the refreshing airiness of a 45. I've been listening to this amp for over three months and haven't had the itch to switch on my other amps. 😄

CODA

Left to Right - Globe 46, ST 46, ST 45 and 2A3

Globe tubes look really cool and usually sound more lush than their ST counterparts. I personally prefer a Globe 45 over the later ST glass bottled samples. However in the case of the 46, the difference is not as apparent and close to negligible to my ears, So save your $$s and do something less nerdy, like going out on a date. 😉

Addendum

I received this email recently from a seasoned DIYer/audio enthusiast known in various audio forums as Salectric.

"I just saw your blog post about your Simple 46 amp and I read the question someone posed in the Comment section about a suitable power transformer. I actually had Edcor build a custom PT for my 46 amps and the voltages worked out perfectly so I recommend it to anyone wanting to build a 46. I don't know if the particular unit is listed on their website but it should be available through the part number which is the Edcor XPWR 258-120.

The B+ windings have two secondary voltages. It is 345-235-0-235-345 @ 300ma. The purpose of the two voltage taps is to let the transformer function for either choke input or cap input. The lower voltage windings with a 5U4GB and cap input filter give a roughly 290v B+, and so do the higher voltage windings with a 5R4GY and choke input. With a little loss in the OPT and a 32v bias, the 46 has almost exactly 250v across it. There is also a 5V@3A and 6.3VCT.

I ordered it this way because I wanted to compare choke input and cap input with as close to exactly the same conditions as possible. (I tried a 5U4GB with the choke input as well as cap input just to be as consistent as possible.) The best sounding setup was the choke input with 5R4GY so that's how mine is set up. The Edcor is super-quiet. No mechanical buzzing at all."

Cinestill Cs-41 Color Film Developing Kit

Intrigued by an e-newsletter from Freestyle Photographic Supplies, I ordered this color film processing kit, which promised to be just as straightforward as developing B&W film.

Mixing the Chemicals

Developer = 20 oz of distilled water heated to 120° F + Parts A, B & C to make 1 quart

Blix (Bleach/Fixer) = 18 oz of distilled water heated to 125° F + Parts A, B & C to make 1 quart

Preparation

As suggested by the Cs41 website, I got a $25 foot spa from Walmart as a tempering bath for the chemicals and the developing tank.

Temperature is most critical with the developer. Since the foot spa is just a tempering bath and does not heat up water, I filled it up with hot water from the tap, which was between 105-110°F.

Meanwhile, I filled up a pot with hot water from the tap and heated up the developer in this water bath on the stove to my chosen 102° F developing temperature.

Pre-wash

 I did a pre-wash to stabilize developing tank temperature at 102°F.

Developing

The developer is ready.

I dumped the pre-wash and poured the developer into the tank. I developed for 3.5 minutes doing 4 inversions every 30 seconds. Tank is submerged in the bath in between inversions.

Developer is poured back into the container. I turned off the foot spa since the Blix stage is not as temperature sensitive.

Blixing

Blix can be used anywhere between 75°F-102°F,  so 90.9°F is perfect.

I filled up the developing tank with Blix and did 4 inversions every 30 seconds for the next 8 minutes. After 8 minutes, the temperature inside the developing tank would be just about equivalent to room temperature tap water, which will be used for the wash/rinse cycle.

Blix is poured back into the container.

Wash and Rinse 

I filled up the tank with room temperature tap water, did 5-10 inversions and then dumped the water. Repeated this at least 7 times.

Photo-flo

Filled up the tank with fresh tap water (or distilled) and added two drops of photo-flo or the stabilizer from the kit. Left it standing for at least a minute.

Hang to dry

I let the film dry for at least an hour.

Developing at other temperatures

As shown in the above chart, processing can also be done anywhere from 72°-102° F, but developing time can take as long as 50 minutes at colder temperatures.

The Cinestill Cs41 color film developing kit is just as fool-proof as B&W film processing. The only difference is that they are at both ends of the temperature spectrum. Since I've relegated taking color pictures to my trusty Fuji X-E1, I've seriously been considering an upgrade to a full frame digital body. However, this recent experience processing color film has taken the upgrade itch away...😊

Sample pics

Rollei 35 + Kodak Gold 200

Rollei 35 + Kodak Gold 200 

Rollei 35 + Kodak Gold 200

Rollei 35 + Kodak Gold 200

Rollei 35 + Kodak Gold 200

Nikon FG20 + Nikkor E series 50mm f1.8
Expired Fuji Color 100 

Leica M6 + Summicron 35mm f2
Kodak Portra 160

Darwin D. Martin House
by Frank Lloyd Wright
Buffalo, NY

more pics

Shure Mic Transformers

Ben C was hunting for Altec 32s, Emilar EH800s 
and EH500s at Jammin' Jersey

Tipped off by my buddy, Ben C (dude in the middle), I scoured eBay for Shure Mic transformers that can be repurposed for MC step-up duty. These transformers typically sell for under $50/pair shipped within the USA.

They don't have model numbers so I'll identify them based on their step-up ratio.

Primary DCR = 35 ohms and 3500 ohms in the secondary. 

I measured a step up ratio of about 1:17, which suits the Denon DL103 and DL103R well. It can be a pinch hitter for the Ortofon SPU in my system, but ideally more gain is needed.

This unit has slightly less gain at about 1:12, primary DCR = 20 ohms and secondary = 2000 ohms. What it gives up in gain is made up for by slightly wider bandwidth. If I were to split hairs, I'd pick this over the 1:17 model above if I were using a DL103 exclusively.

The tonal balance of both Shure transformers is actually quite similar to the Altec 4722 with just a touch less transparency and authority throughout the audio band. At their present asking price, I can highly recommend these transformers to those who want to sample the delights of listening through a classic Denon DL103 low output moving coil cartridge.

Happy listening!