A Tribute to Don Garber of Fi + Robin and Lipman!

Don Garber's Fi 2A3 amp Ad from Sound Practices

My first exposure to Don Garber's Fi 2A3 amp was at a gathering of burgeoning SE-DHT/High Efficiency speaker enthusiasts organized by Mike LaFevre of Magnequest and Peter Breuninger, then president of the Philadelphia Audio Society. This was held in the outskirts of Philly during the latter part of 1994. I attended to assist my friend Steve Melkisethian in exhibiting the Audio Note Kit 1 amplifier since he was the US distributor of Audio Note UK Kits, transformers and parts at that time. Sadly, these guys are no longer with us. 😔

AliExpress Amorphous SE OPTs + Jean Hiraga and the SE-DHT Amp Revival

SE171A Amp Remastered

My dad would've turned 97 today. To celebrate his birthday, the video clip above features a recording of his favorite violinist, Nathan Milstein, playing Presto from Bach's Sonata No. 1 in G minor for unaccompanied violin. While he was doing post-graduate studies at The Juilliard School in the mid 50s, he was fortunate to have attended concerts of the great violin virtuosos of that era - Jascha Heifetz, David Oistrakh, Nathan Milstein, etc.

He would later recount that Nathan Milstein's performance of the Glazunov violin concerto was the most unforgettable! Even if he never got a chance to add this violin concerto to his repertoire, he conducted the Manila Chamber Orchestra with me playing the Glazunov violin concerto in 1987. The music of the slide clip above is the middle movement from our performance.

Before I bore everyone reminiscing about my dad and our life as musicians, let's get on with the subject at hand. The amp featured in this upload uses a directly heated triode power tube that was introduced around the time my dad was born.

JE Labs Choke-Capacitance Coupled SE2A3 amp

Canon P + Canon 50mm f1.8 LTM 
Foma 100 in Rodinal

Inspired by my plate choke-loaded 76 line stage preamp adventures, I was curious how a similar driver circuit configuration would sound in an SE2A3 amp. So I pulled out my Radiotron Designer's Handbook, 3rd Edition to gain a better understanding of choke-capacitance coupling (aka plate choke loading) vis-à-vis resistance coupling.

Below are highlights of relevant information I gathered.

SRPP SE2A3 Circuit Redux

Back in the late 90s, I dismissed the hi-mu/low-gm SRPP input/driver because I found that the circuit had a tendency to sound tiring over extended listening. However, my memorable encounter with the Morikawa SE2A3 amp owned by my buddy Jose was haunting. I had to revisit this circuit just to make sure I left no stones unturned. 

Earlier this year, Steve of Angela Instruments shipped me the "shop mule" SRPP SE2A3 amp for a check up. After replacing the leaky coupling caps, the amp was as good as when I delivered it to the shop over two decades ago.  

My hotter operating point = slightly more power compared to Prof. Morikawa's SRPP 2A3 amp.

!!!WARNING!!! 

The voltages in this circuit are potentially lethal! Build at your own risk!

Click here if you'd like to try the SRPP 45 triode circuit.

Use a Hammond 302AX power transformer instead of T1 + T2 A&B

Click here to see the "cleaner" 10kHz square wave from the Morikawa SE2A3 amp

In spite of the 10 kHz square wave spike from the budget Hammond 125ESE output transformers, it was a very refreshing musical reunion with the Angela SRPP 2A3 amp. 

During its residency in the man cave, the amp powered my back up Altec 2-way system above, Altec 755As and Altec 755Cs in Silbatone cabs below. It was totally devoid of the listener fatigue I previously ascribed to the circuit. Even with the brightest and harshest software and/or hardware thrown into the listening chain, I couldn't induce the unpleasant quality which bothered me in the past. 

Then it dawned on me that I started doubting the SRPP's musical abilities when my Altec 2-way project commenced. Sorry SRPP, it wasn't your fault...😟

YMMV!😉

morrison micro 2A3, reimagined + Kasuga Wireless KA6625ST output transformer

Joe Roberts' piece, "I Never Met a 2A3 Amp That I Didn't Like," from Sound Practices Issue 15, is very persuasive. I built jc morrison’s micro 2A3 amp soon after I received the issue via snail mail fresh from the printers in the mid '90s. After rereading the article in ‘07, I got inspired to make a Radiotron SE2A3 variant.

Hashimoto H-203S from Kasuga Wireless

In September 2018, I lamented the demise of Noguchi Transformers. Fast forward to November, my brother-in-law visited Tokyo, and was kind enough to pick up a couple of transformers at Kasuga Wireless.

How to get to Kasuga Wireless

Kasuga Wireless

Address: 1F, New Akihabara Center, 1-16-10, Kotobuki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0021

Hashimoto H-203S

The H203S was installed as a 3.5k primary Z output transformer in the je2a3 mono integrated amp. 

Testing

Top trace = audio generator

Bottom trace = amplifier output

100Hz

1kHz

10kHz

5.324Vrms to an 8 ohm load = 3.5W 

In the past, I've used Hashimoto transformers for a pair of SE2A3 and a pair of SE10 mono-blocks I built for friends. I know these transformers are well designed, are of high quality construction and sound excellent. Thus, before Hashimoto ceases production, I had to add it to my collection. 

My mono SE2A3 integrated is ready for prime time!

Now I have to find a nice circuit for a pair of Kasuga KA6625ST OPTs. 😉

Morikawa SE2A3 in Jose's Listening Room

JE Labs Simple 46

I've been hoarding type 46 power tubes gathered from radio shows I attended with my buddy Chong in the late 90s. Building an SE 46 amp was in my to do list when I packed up for Manila in '08. But things got in the way. Finally, after a round trip across the Pacific, the amp has come into fruition.

Given its designation, one would think that it is just a 45 with dual grids. However, aside from the UX-5 tube socket requirement, the 46 is not quite a 45. It only puts out 1250 mWatts, 750 mWs less than the 45's 2000 mWs. Maximum plate dissipation with grid 2 tied to the plate is 5.5W compared to 10W for the 45. Although it will perform very well loaded with a 5k primary Z output transformer, the textbook recommended load is closer to 7k, due to its higher plate resistance of 2380 ohms vs. 1700 ohms for the 45.

46 tube base
diagram

chassis is punched out and ready for painting

It's been over 20 years since the Simple 45/2A3 was uploaded to the now defunct DIY section of the old Angela Instruments website. So I wanted to reprise that old-school topology with a twist. I considered retaining the octal base and using a grid capped 6F5 or a UX6 based + grid capped type 75, as a tribute to Asano-san. 🙏

However, since I am in loctal mode, I settled on the 7B4 hi-mu triode which is more in unison with the simple theme. The 7B4 is readily available NOS and can be had for less than $5 each from tube dealers. Tube rollers take note, even if loctal tubes are boxed/labelled RCA, Tung Sol, Raytheon, etc. most of them came from the Sylvannia factory in Emporium PA. 😞 

under the hood

!!!WARNING!!!

The voltages found in this circuit can be lethal! Build at your own risk!!!

JEL Simple 46 schematic

Adjust the dropping resistor* (use at least a 10W) so that the operating point for the 46 tube is as close as possible to the tube manual specified 250V max. plate voltage x 22 ma. current draw = 5.5W.  Ideally, the 46 should see 285 volts at the plate - 35V in the cathode = 250V. As shown in the schematic, I am still running my output tubes about 8% over because I was anxious to listen and got lazy to lower the B+ further. 😎

The big surprise was, subjectively, the triode-wired 46 sounds more powerful and authoritative especially in the lower register than the 45. It sounds like the union of virtues between the dark and mythical 10/VT25  + the refreshing airiness of a 45. I've been listening to this amp for over three months and haven't had the itch to switch on my other amps. 😄

CODA

Left to Right - Globe 46, ST 46, ST 45 and 2A3

Globe tubes look really cool and usually sound more lush than their ST counterparts. I personally prefer a Globe 45 over the later ST glass bottled samples. However in the case of the 46, the difference is not as apparent and close to negligible to my ears, So save your $$s and do something less nerdy, like going out on a date. 😉

Addendum

I received this email recently from a seasoned DIYer/audio enthusiast known in various audio forums as Salectric.

"I just saw your blog post about your Simple 46 amp and I read the question someone posed in the Comment section about a suitable power transformer. I actually had Edcor build a custom PT for my 46 amps and the voltages worked out perfectly so I recommend it to anyone wanting to build a 46. I don't know if the particular unit is listed on their website but it should be available through the part number which is the Edcor XPWR 258-120.

The B+ windings have two secondary voltages. It is 345-235-0-235-345 @ 300ma. The purpose of the two voltage taps is to let the transformer function for either choke input or cap input. The lower voltage windings with a 5U4GB and cap input filter give a roughly 290v B+, and so do the higher voltage windings with a 5R4GY and choke input. With a little loss in the OPT and a 32v bias, the 46 has almost exactly 250v across it. There is also a 5V@3A and 6.3VCT.

I ordered it this way because I wanted to compare choke input and cap input with as close to exactly the same conditions as possible. (I tried a 5U4GB with the choke input as well as cap input just to be as consistent as possible.) The best sounding setup was the choke input with 5R4GY so that's how mine is set up. The Edcor is super-quiet. No mechanical buzzing at all."

Noguchi Finemet: FM-3WS-H + FM-6WS output transformers

This was the last extensive testing and listening session I did in the attic before we moved back to the states. I misplaced some data and just recovered them recently. So as promised in a previous blog entry, here's the write-up on the two entry-level SE Finemet OPTs from Noguchi.

WARNING

These are bonsai-sized output transformers. If HUGE iron + HIGH inductance and thumping bass frequencies is your idea of high-fidelity you should STOP 🛑 here!😉

However, if the finesse and realism a WE/Altec 755A can provide within its 70-13 kHz bandwidth is your idea of a GREAT time, please proceed!😊  

Noguchi FM-3WS-H

Noguchi FM-3WS-H + Tamura F7004

David vs. Goliath - indeed, the FM-3WS-H is tiny. I had to mount it on a perf board so that it wouldn't fall from the square mounting hole left by the Tamura F7004 ;)

Budget SE OPTs - Edcor and Noguchi

All output transformers were tested in the je2a3 amp using the same procedure as I did in the Hammond 125ESE many moons ago. Listening sessions were done through the same amp driving a single Altec 2-way speaker system.