General Electric A1-400 Speaker

It was past lunch, so I took one last sweep at the Kutztown Spring 2021 radio meet before heading home. That's when I noticed this cabinet with a familiar looking metal-grilled driver partially hidden behind a huge pile of equipment. Without haggling, I handed a couple of ATM bills to the seller and we shook hands.

As soon as I got home I went through my Japanese audio magazine shelf and pulled this Stereo Sound Special Issue about Vintage Speaker Units, published in 2002.

Not exactly the General Electric A1-401 featured in the magazine but the slightly earlier A1-400. Pretty good memory for someone pushing 60, huh? 😉

GE A1-400 specs

As stated in the spec sheet, the perforated metal grill functions as a mechanical roll off filter for the 12" driver and the non-polarized wax and paper capacitor filters frequencies below 1800 Hz from reaching the 2 3/4" cone tweeter.

I also recognized this period correct DIY tuned pipe enclosure designed for corner placement. It was built based on an article published in the May 1955 issue of Audio (go to page 18), authored by Norman H. Bates. 

BTW, AFAIK, he's not related to the lead character in Hitchcock's thriller. 🤣

Vocals are nicely rendered! The transition between the low and high frequency drivers is very coherent, as to be expected between two paper coned transducers. If I were forced to split hairs, I hear a tinge of nasal coloration in the lower region of male vocals, which I never notice with any of my Altec speakers. 

Musical instruments and percussion are also well reproduced! Bass extension and definition of the A1-400 in the tuned pipe corner cabinet is at par with the Altec 756B in a 2.5 cf box, if not a couple of Hz more extended. Top end overtones are silky smooth and airy. Even if this cone tweeter lacks the ultimate transient speed and shimmer of a fine horn/compression driver combination, it's probably the finest I've ever heard!

I guesstimate its sensitivity to be in the high 90s/W/M because it'll boogie, driven by the 1250 mW SE triode connected 46 or 1500 mW SE10 amp. Although I can also listen to my Altec mini 757 with those aforementioned amps at respectable SPLs, it needs at least an SE2A3 for full dimensional monaural listening pleasure. 

Kudos to Mr. Bates' corner loaded tuned pipe cabinet for the aforementioned impressive bass performance and my perceived easy-to-drive/high sensitivity nature of this speaker system. Kids, this enclosure was designed during the slide rule era!👍

Now I'm inspired to pursue my 285mW SE112A mono amp project.😊

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I really enjoy this speaker with a GE RPX or VRII phono cartridge tracing Atomic/Space Age/Exotica Lounge/Bachelor Pad mono LPs from the 50s by the likes of Martin Denny, Arthur Lyman, Walter Wanderley, etc. 

After 21 years of hunting, I finally got a satisfying taste of the GE co-ax. I've seen this on eBay between $150-175, which I believe is a fair price for a unit with intact cones and no voice coil rubbing. A couple of my Instagram contacts even expressed fondness and admiration for this speaker when they saw a glimpse of it in my posts!

I now regret leaving my RCA 501-S1 in the attic 😔 because it would have made for a very interesting shootout. If I can trust my sonic memory though, the RCA didn't have the nasal coloration in the lower midrange I noted earlier. OTOH, the top end of the RCA could be deemed more reticent or refined depending on the listener's taste. 

I debated whether to refinish the cabinet
but the patina grew on me.😊

In the context of my monaural hi-fi system, it shall remain second only to the Altec mini 757 because when I played a young Sinatra LP for my buddy Ding, he initially thought it was Bing Crosby.😄 Sinatra only sounds like Sinatra LIVE or on an ALTEC!👍😎

Let's see what the gentlemen at Stereo Sound thought of its younger A1-401 brother two decades ago...

The scan below is from Stereo Sound Vintage Analog 2, 2014

I can drink to all that!🍻

Finemet FM-MCT1 MC Step Up Transformers

Looking back to my late 90s home brewer article for Sound Practices issue 17, I noticed that a good number of components in my hifi system then are still serving two and a half decades later. The Tamura TKS83 moving coil step up transformer is one of them.

After building a hifi system for my cousin during lockdown, the Hashimoto HM7s made me realize that while the Tamura TKS83s can equal the HM7s in terms of bandwidth, the TKS83s can sound mechanical. It also became apparent that there are areas in which the classic Altec 4722s and 15095As can be improved upon.

When I finally heard a pair of Peerless 4629s, I was very impressed by their uncanny ability to reproduce very lifelike 3-dimensional vocals. However, I was quite disappointed when I played anything greater than a string or jazz quartet because the sound started getting mushy and dynamically compressed. 

Overall, my ears still prefer the smaller and more affordable brother, the Altec 4722!

During the most recent Kutztown radio meet, John Piro handed me this finely crafted wooden box to audition. As mentioned in my Kutztown coverage, a good friend from Manila, Tony, aka Mr. November HiFi Show, scheduled his visit so we can hunt for tubes, parts + LPs. 

Upon our return from the expedition, a sumptuous dinner prepared by Tish + a bottle of Ripasso awaited us. We capped the evening by hooking this wooden box to my hifi. Our jaws dropped each time we played an LP!

Housed inside the box is a pair of Finemet FM-MCT1s! 

In the ensuing days, I did further evaluation and indeed, these Finemet MC transformers are doing something extra special. My only reservation was, in spite of the potted construction, the FM-MCT1s are more susceptible to hum induction compared to the Altecs and Tamuras. Even if John lined the wooden box heavily with copper shielding, I still had to keep them away from power transformers, AC motors, etc.

Inspired by the sonic niceties I heard, I was undeterred so I contacted Mr. Kimura of General Transformer Sales Co. Ltd. After a few emails aided by Google translate, I finalized my order. 

Gtrans.co.jp is headquartered in the same location as the former Noguchi store we visited in 2015, which is in the basement of Tokyo Radio Department Store in Akihabara.

Kimura-san specified a 3-4 week window for delivery. So I downloaded the spec sheet, studied the schematic and ordered a cast aluminum project box from Amazon.

Within 18 days, the transformers were at my doorstep.👏

Finemet FM-MCT1

These are very well made and quite hefty! They're heavier than the TKS83s which, if memory serves me right, are about the same weight as the HM7s.

 

I chose a different layout for the 145mm x 121mm x 40 mm MC step up transformer chassis for neater routing of RCA cables.

Under the hood

 

The input and output RCA jacks are on the backside mounted on top of the chassis. Only the ground lug was mounted on the side.

I installed the 3-position gain/impedance load selector in front of the chassis.

No matter which cartridge I used - Denon DL103, -R, -C1, Fidelity Research FR1 MkII, Ortofon SPU #1s, -G, -GM, Supex SD900, etc. - male and female vocals + instruments are portrayed with 3-D presence and realism in a deep and wide sound space. The musicians are in my man cave!

Boosted by the Finemets, even the most analytical and dry-sounding MC cartridges in my stash, like the Goldbug Clement II and Sony XL44 came to life with more warmth. If that's a coloration, it's certainly most welcome!

  

These Finemet MC transformers seem like they were configured to resolve every note in the complex musical score and massive instrumentation of late romantic symphonies along with the wide range dynamics from pianississimo to quadruple fortes inscribed therein by the composer. They also excel in reproducing the ambience, airiness and spaciousness of the concert hall's acoustics embedded in well recorded LPs.

I finally found a pair of MC transformers which combine the organic midrange and harmonious richness of classic vintage iron + the wide bandwidth, detail retrieval, and dynamic range of modern magnetics!

Ever since I became an audio DIYer, I pride myself in not being impulsive about upgrading components in my hifi. This is a rare exception!😉

CODA

As luck would have it, last week we had a family get together because a cousin based in Tokyo was visiting and brought some goodies!

Stereo Sound
Tube Kingdom Volume 104

If I got it right, in this survey of commercially available MC step up transformers, the Finemet FM-MCT1 was the only DIY unit.

Despite the wacky nature of the Google translate app, the gist comes across as quite positive!

Enjoy browsing the magazine to Bobbi Humphrey's tune spinning on a Garrard 401 + AB309 tonearm with a Supex SD900 boosted by the Finemet FM-MCT1s!✌

Japanese Idler-Driven Turntable Part 4: Realistic Mark-7

Here's a tale of two idler-driven turntables of Japanese origin sold by Radio Shack in the late 50s. They share the same model badge and engineering features but they aren't exactly twins.🤔

This turntable/tonearm combination has been in my collection for over twenty years. I wired the tonearm for stereo because I particularly enjoy using it with the Shure M3D and M7D. 

I couldn't find this in any of the Radio Shack Catalogs issued from the late 50s to the early 60s unless it escaped my tired, old eyes.  

from page 2 of the 1957 Radio Shack Sale Flyer

However, the A-3 tonearm, which is essentially a Calrad SV12/Musicmaster Model 12/Velvet Touch sibling, was featured in the 1957 sale flyer above.

from page 4 of the 1958 Radio Shack Sale Flyer

This is the Mark 7 turntable recorded in the Radio Shack Catalog Vault. 

Based on the shape of the chassis, this Mark 7 is perhaps the younger of the two since it looks very similar to the succeeding Mark 8, which I will discuss in a future installment.

DIFFERENCES

Although not quite as heavy and massive as a QRK or Russco, the cast aluminum chassis is very rigid on both units. The earlier MK7 chassis above is configured to accommodate a 9"-10" tonearm, while the later MK7 below was designed as a "motor unit" like the Garrard 301 and 401.  

The speed selector linkage to the idler wheel in both are similar, but due to a slight difference in the motor mounting layout, the idler arm and idler wheels are not interchangeable.

SIMILARITIES

Except for the paint color, this hysteresis motor is exactly the same unit fitted to my NEAT P58H, which I covered in Part 2 of this series. Click here for motor servicing information.

The main bearing is an oil lubricated design, which supports a 3-lb. cast aluminum platter.

MODs & TIPs

Before moving on, the younger MK7 depicted above had a serious issue - the motor has a bent rotor spindle!😔 Will I be able to save it by adapting the motor from another Lafayette PK245 (don't ask my wife how many turntables I own 😆) with a warped platter?🤔 

While planning the motor transplant, I examined the MK7 idler wheel condition and decided it might be worth rejuvenating.

So I mounted it on a handheld drill, deglazed the rolling surface with 400 grit sandpaper, and soaked it in brake fluid for over a week. This was suggested to me decades ago by a kind soul who visited the Rek-O-Kut Tips page in my old website. It has worked with two other Japanese idler wheels but I've never tried it on a Lenco or Rek O Kut. Back in those days, it was more convenient to just send Lenco and ROK wheels to Ed Crockett, RIP 😞 or Terry Witt 👍, who's still catering to the needs of audio DIYers.  

The above idler wheel was resurfaced by Gary of VoM. 👍

 Even if the rubber motor mounts were still supple, I replaced them with springs. A nice lesson I learned from servicing my NEAT P58H.

 To my ears, the spring mounted motor + 8 mm ball bearing/nylon countersunk washer thrust pad help lower the noise floor.

Realistic Mark 7 stepped pulley specs

MUSIC VIDEOS 😉

I have a close affinity for the Mark-7 + A3 since this was the very first Japanese idler-driven turntable I acquired.

Turntable: Realistic Mark 7 + A3 viscous damped tonearm

Phono Cartridge: Shure M7D

Phono Preamp: DIY 6J7 + passive RIAA EQ + 6SL7 + 6SN7 cathode follower

Line Stage: JE Labs Loctal

Amp: Radiotron SE2A3 with Finemet FM-6WS OPTs

Speakers: Altec 406Zs in Coronado cabinets + Azzolina Audio KS12024 horns + Altec 806A

drivers

Turntable: Realistic Mark 7

Tonearm: Tokyo Sound ST900

Phono Cartridge: Ortofon SPU #1s

MC Step Up: Tamura TKS83

Phono Preamp: DIY 6SL7 split/passive RIAA EQ + 6SN7 cathode follower

Line Stage: JE Labs Loctal
Amp: JE Labs Simple 45 w/ Tamura F475 OPTs

Speakers: Altec 406Zs in Coronado cabinets + Azzolina Audio KS12024 horns + Altec 806A drivers

Turntable: Realistic Mark 7 + A3 viscous damped tonearm

Phono Cartridge: Shure M7D

Phono Preamp: DIY 6SL7 split/passive RIAA EQ + 6SN7 cathode follower

Line Stage: JE Labs Loctal

Amp: JE Labs SE171A with Tango H5S OPTs

Speakers: Altec 406Zs in Coronado cabinets + Azzolina Audio KS12024 horns + Altec 806A drivers

Enjoy! 🎶

JE Labs Plate Choke Loaded 76 Line Stage Preamp

I acquired this pair of James JS 4120N, 200H @ 15 mA nickel plate chokes from Keith Tan of Euphonia Audio in late '04. Due to my busy performing and teaching schedule back then, they remained boxed up close to two decades.

After going home with me to Manila and back stateside, I finally found time to try the JS 4120Ns in my preamp. After adjustment of voltages and operating points, I was impressed by the increased detail and resolution brought forth by replacing the Allen-Bradley plate load resistors while retaining the sonic aura I've come to treasure from my Bruce Berman-derived 76 > 1/2 6SN7 line stage circuit from Sound Practices Issue 13.

Unfortunately the JS 4120Ns have been out of production for quite a number of years. 😞

!!!WARNING!!! 

The voltages in this project are potentially lethal! Proceed at your own risk!

NOTE: According to the 7N7 data sheet, it has a maximum cathode to heater (filament) voltage rating of 90V. To get around the 142V at the cathode, I lifted the filament potential 65V above ground via a voltage divider network in the B+ supply. Hence, 142 - 65 = 77, which brings it back to spec. 

100 Hz, 1 kHz and 10 kHz square wave output 
from 2 x Hammond 156C plate choke loaded 1/2 7AF7
+ 1/2 7N7 cathode follower

I tried the budget-friendly Hammond 156C plate load chokes in the circuit above on my loctal preamp as well as on my main preamp with the 76 line stage below.

Detail improved but I missed the micro dynamics and organic quality in the midrange of the JS 4120Ns. That said, I'm now using this topology in the nosTDA1541tube DAC in my main hifi set up. Meanwhile the loctal preamp line stage has been reverted back to its original state with Allen-Bradleys.

NOTE: This choke saturates instantly past 8 mA!

Since the Hammond 156Cs are easy on the wallet (just like the 125ESEs I wrote about decades ago😉), why not try and judge for yourself? If you hear potential, then proceed to the nickel plate choke-equipped circuit below.😊

Custom wound Intact Audio 250H nickel plate chokes

When my cousin commissioned his hifi system, I had to search for an alternative to the JS 4120N. Fortunately, Dave Slagle of Intact Audio willingly obliged to custom wind Ni-rich plate chokes for that project!👍

I was so impressed with Dave's nickel plate chokes👏 such that I ordered a pair for myself so I could use the JS 4120Ns for other tubes and circuits. I also confirmed that in order to get the most out of the plate load choke topology, one needs a competent winder, and nickel should be part of the equation!

Even if I always used more rugged 6SN7 GTA and GTB types in the cathode follower section, when I built this preamp over two decades ago, the power supply was configured so that the filament potential was about 75V above ground.

I've always admired the sound (or more appropriately, the lack thereof) of nickel permalloy, having owned the Tamura F7002 and Tango NY15S since the 90s. Even if these output transformers are hefty beasts, which helps the low frequencies, it's not their bass response that captivates the listener. Instead, they present a very natural midrange replete with rich and harmonious overtones, which are virtues I also hear with Finemet.

100 Hz, 1 kHz and 10 kHz square wave output 
from an Intact Audio nickel plate choke loaded 76
+ 1/2 6SN7 cathode follower

After praising the merits of exotic core material, I wouldn’t want readers to get the impression that nickel or Finemet are the quintessential elements to great sound. Tube choice, circuit topology and operating points, parts selection, etc. not to mention the synergy of components in the hifi chain, all contribute to the sonic stew. That's why I encourage audio hobbyists to listen and experiment so that they can carve their path towards their own musical satisfaction. 

Although this video is merely a proof of concept, I got inspired and used my Sony A7II + Voigtlander Ultron 28mm f1.9 LTM lens mounted on a tripod rather than my usual iPhone. So plug in your Koss Porta-Pros or Sennheiser HD6XXs and (hopefully) enjoy!🎶🎹🎻

CD transport: Marantz CD52

DAC: JE Labs nosTDA1541tube + PCLoctal output

Preamp: JE Labs PCL76 line stage 

Amp: JE Labs SE300B mono blocks with Tango NY15S

Speakers: Altec 753C

Maybe 🤔 I'll talk about my plate choke adventures with SE amps next time!😉

 

Cork Turntable Mat

 

 Rubber hardens as it ages and this is exactly what happened to the rubber mats originally supplied with my Garrard 301, 401, Thorens TD124 and other turntables. I'm aware that modern reproductions are available, but I wanted something more affordable and practical. So I surfed and found a 3-pack cork mat with an LP label indentation for $12 on Amazon.

Does this mat make the sound better?🤔 Hmm...frequent visitors to this blog know better that after several decades in this hobby, I've grown averse to typical audiophile hair-splitting.😉

However, I'm happy to report that a few LPs from my collection which are slightly dished or warped now lie flat. That's good and I like the sound.

Try it and hear for yourself!😊

Happy Spinning!🎻🎷🎶